The History of Scouting

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Baden Powell

"B-P" - CHIEF SCOUT OF THE WORLD

Fact Sheet, WOSM, January 2003 - www.scout.org/wsrc/fs/bp_e.shtml (13.01.2006)

This fact sheet is adapted from one of the same name published by The Scout Association, United Kingdom.

 

GROWING UP

The name of Baden-Powell is known and respected throughout the world as that of a man who in his 83 years led two separate and complete lives, one as a soldier fighting for his country, and the other as a worker for peace through the brotherhood of the Scout Movement.

Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, known as B-P, was born at 6 Stanhope Street (now 11, Stanhope Terrace) Paddington, London on 22nd February 1857. He was the sixth son and the eighth of ten children of the Reverend Baden Powell, a Professor at Oxford University. The names Robert Stephenson were those of his Godfather, the son of George Stephenson the railway pioneer.

His father died when B-P was only three years old and the family were left none too well off. B-P was given his first lessons by his mother and later attended Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, where he gained a scholarship for admittance to Charterhouse School. Charterhouse School was in London when B-P first attended but whilst he was there it moved to Godalming in Surrey, a factor which had great influence later in his life.

He was always eager to learn new skills. He played the piano and the violin. He acted - and acted the clown too at times. While at Charterhouse he began to exploit his interest in the arts of scouting and woodcraft.

In the woods around the school B-P would hide from his masters as well as catch and cook rabbits, being careful not to let tell-tale smoke give his position away. The holidays were not wasted either. With his brothers he was always in search of adventure. One holiday they made a yachting expedition round the south coast of England. On another they traced the Thames to its source by canoe. In all this Baden-Powell was learning the arts and crafts which were to prove so useful to him professionally.

B-P was certainly not known for his high marks at school, as his end-of-term reports revealed. One records "mathematics - has to all intents given up the study", and another "French - could do well but has become lazy, often sleeps in school".

Nevertheless he took an examination for the Army and placed second among several hundred applicants. He was commissioned straight into the 13th Hussars, bypassing the officer training establishments. Later he became their Honorary Colonel.

 

MILITARY LIFE

In 1876 he went to India as a young army officer and specialized in scouting, map-making and reconnaissance. His success soon led to his training other soldiers for the work. B-P's methods were unorthodox for those days; small units or patrols working together under one leader, with special recognition for those who did well. For proficiency, B-P awarded his trainees badges resembling the traditional design of the north compass point. Today's universal Scout badge is very similar.

Later he was stationed in the Balkans, South Africa and Malta. He returned to Africa to help defend Mafeking during its 217-day siege at the start of the Boer war. It provided crucial tests for B-P's scouting skills. The courage and resourcefulness shown by the boys in the corps of messengers at Mafeking made a lasting impression on him. In turn, his deeds made a lasting impression in England.

Returning home in 1903 he found that he had become a national hero. He also found that the small handbook he had written for soldiers ("Aids to Scouting") was being used by youth leaders and teachers all over the country to teach observation and woodcraft.

He spoke at meetings and rallies and whilst at a Boys' Brigade gathering he was asked by its Founder, Sir William Smith, to work out a scheme for giving greater variety in the training of boys in good citizenship.

BEGINNINGS OF THE MOVEMENT

B-P set to work rewriting "Aids to Scouting", this time for a younger readership. In 1907 he held an experimental camp on Brownsea Island, Poole, Dorset, to try out his ideas. He brought together 22 boys, some from private schools and some from working class homes, and put them into camp under his leadership. The whole world now knows the results of that camp.

"Scouting for Boys" was published in 1908 in six fortnightly parts. Sales of the book were tremendous. Boys formed themselves into Scout Patrols to try out ideas. What had been intended as a training aid for existing organizations became the handbook of a new and ultimately worldwide Movement. B-P's great understanding of boys obviously touched something fundamental in the youth of England and worldwide.

Scouting for Boys" has since been translated into more than 35 languages.

Without fuss, without ceremony and completely spontaneously boys began to form Scout Troops all over the country. In September 1908 Baden-Powell had set up an office to deal with the large number of enquiries which were pouring in.

Scouting spread quickly throughout the British Empire and to other countries until it was established in practically all parts of the world. It was abolished later in countries which became totalitarian (Scouting is essentially democratic and voluntary).

He retired from the army in 1910, at the age of 53, on the advice of King Edward VII who suggested that he could now do more valuable service for his country within the Scout Movement.

So all his enthusiasm and energy were now directed to the development of Boy Scouting and Girl Guiding. (Girl Guiding had started in 1909 when girls attended the first Scout rally at Crystal Palace in London and asked B-P how they could become Scouts.) He travelled to all parts of the world, wherever he was most needed, to encourage growth and give the inspiration that he alone could give.

In 1912 he married Olave Soames who was his constant help and companion in all this work. They had three children (Peter, Heather and Betty). Olave Lady Baden-Powell was later known as World Chief Guide.

 

CHIEF SCOUT OF THE WORLD

The first international Scout Jamboree took place at Olympia, London in 1920. At its closing scene B-P was unanimously acclaimed as Chief Scout of the World.

Successive International gatherings, whether of Scouts or of leaders proved that this was not an honorary title, but that he was truly regarded by them all as their Chief. The shouts that heralded his arrival, and the silence that fell when he raised his hand, proved beyond any doubt that he had captured the hearts and imaginations of his followers in whatever country they lived.

At the third World Jamboree, held in Arrowe Park, Birkenhead, England, the Prince of Wales announced that B-P would be given Peerage by H.M. the King. The news was received with great rejoicing. B-P took the title of Lord Baden-Powell of Gilwell. Gilwell Park was the international training Centre he had created for Scout leaders.

Scouting was not B-P's only interest. He enjoyed acting, fishing, playing polo and big game hunting. He was a very good artist, working in pencil and water-colours. He also had an interest in sculpting and making home movies.

B-P wrote no fewer than 32 books. He received honorary degrees from at least six Universities. In addition, 28 foreign orders and decorations and 19 foreign Scout awards were bestowed upon him.

In 1938, suffering from ill-health, B-P returned to Africa, which had meant so much in his life, to live in semi-retirement at Nyeri, Kenya. Even there he found it difficult to curb his energies, and he continued to produce books and sketches.

On January 8th, 1941, at 83 years of age, B-P died. He was buried in a simple grave at Nyeri within sight of Mount Kenya. On his head-stone are the words "Robert Baden-Powell, Chief Scout of the World" surmounted by the Boy Scout and Girl Guide Badges. Lady Olave Baden-Powell carried on his work, promoting Scouting and Girl Guiding around the world until her death in 1977. She is buried alongside Lord Baden-Powell at Nyeri.

B-P'S LAST MESSAGE

B-P prepared this farewell message* to his Scouts, for publication after his death:

"Dear Scouts - If you have ever seen the play "Peter Pan" you will remember how the pirate chief was always making his dying speech because he was afraid that possibly when the time came for him to die he might not have time to get it off his chest. It is much the same with me, and so, although I am not at this moment dying, I shall be doing so one of these days and I want to send you a parting word of good-bye.

Remember, it is the last time you will ever hear from me, so think it over.

I have had a most happy life and I want each one of you to have as happy a life too.

I believe that God put us in this jolly world to be happy and enjoy life. Happiness doesn't come from being rich, nor merely from being successful in your career, nor by self-indulgence. One step towards happiness is to make yourself healthy and strong while you are a boy, so that you can be useful and so you can enjoy life when you are a man.

Nature study will show you how full of beautiful and wonderful things God has made the world for you to enjoy. Be contented with what you have got and make the best of it. Look on the bright side of things instead of the gloomy one.

But the real way to get happiness is by giving out happiness to other people. Try and leave this world a little better than you found it and when your turn comes to die, you can die happy in feeling that at any rate you have not wasted your time but have done your best. "Be Prepared" in this way, to live happy and to die happy- stick to your Scout Promise always when you have ceased to be a boy - and God help you to do it.

Your friend,

Robert Baden-Powell"

*This message is undated but probably was written before 1929 because it was signed "Robert Baden-Powell" instead of "Baden-Powell of Gilwell". Lady Baden-Powell said that this letter, in an envelope addressed "to the Boy Scouts," along with other papers was always carried with them on their travels in an envelope marked "In the event of my death"

BiPi's Last Message to Scout Leaders
 

The History of Boy Scouting

THE GROWTH OF SCOUTING: 100 YEARS OLD IN 2007 - Who was Baden-Powell? How he started Scouting, and how it continues to grow.

Fact Sheet, WOSM, April 2004 - www.scout.org/wsrc/fs/growth_e.shtml (13.01.2006)

There are more than 28 million Scouts, young people and adults, male and female, in 216 countries and territories. Some 300 million people have been Scouts, including prominent people in every field.

This is impressive considering that Scouting began with 20 boys and an experimental camp in 1907. It was held during the first nine days of August in 1907 at Brownsea Island, near Poole in Dorset, England.

The camp was a great success and proved to its organiser, Robert Baden-Powell, that his training and methods appealed to young people and really worked.

In January 1908, he published the first "Scouting for Boys", a book issued in fortnightly parts at four pence each. It was an immediate success. Baden-Powell had only intended to provide a method of training boys, something that existing youth organizations such as the Boys' Brigade and Y.M.C.A. could adopt. To his surprise, youngsters started to organise themselves into what was destined to become - and is today - the world's largest voluntary youth movement.

 

BADEN-POWELL'S BACKGROUND

Robert Baden-Powell was born 22 February 1857. He was, therefore 50 years old when the Brownsea camp took place. His many experiences as a boy and as a soldier played a part in the formulation of this training methods.

As a youngster - one of ten children (six brothers) - he spent his holidays camping, hiking and sailing.

Tent pitching, map and compass use, and wood-fire cooking were but a few of the skills he acquired. Near his school at Charterhouse, England, he used to sneak into the forest, which was off-limits; here he learned how to hide his tracks, climb trees and "freeze" to escape attention if any of the school masters entered the woods.

In 1876 he went to India as a young army officer and specialised in Scouting, map-making and reporting. His success soon led to his training other soldiers for the work. B-P's methods were unorthodox for those days; small units or patrols working together under one leader, with special recognition for those who did well. For proficiency, B-P awarded his trainees badges resembling the traditional design of the north compass point. Today's universal Scout badge is very similar.

Later he was stationed in the Balkans, South Africa and Malta. He returned to Africa to help defend Mafeking during its 217-day siege at the start of the South African war. It provided crucial tests for B-P's Scouting skills. The courage and resourcefulness shown by the boys in the corps of messengers at Mafeking made a lasting impression on him. In turn, his deeds made a lasting impression in England.

Returning home he found that he had become a national hero. He also found that the small handbook he had written for soldiers was being used to teach observation and woodcraft to members of Boys' Clubs and Boys' Brigade. B-P decided to rewrite the book especially for boys. The 1907 camp on Brownsea Island was to test his ideas in practise.

GROWTH OF THE MOVEMENT

The success of "Scouting for Boys" produced a Movement that quickly – automatically it seemed – adopted the name of The Boy Scouts and necessitated the establishment of an office to administer it.

By 1909 the Movement had taken firm root. "Scouting for Boys" had been translated into five languages. A Scout rally in London attracted more that 11,000 Scouts. As a result of B-P taking a holiday in South America, Chile was one of the first countries outside Britain to begin Scouting. In 1910 he visited Canada and the United States where it had already started.

The coming of the war in 1914 could have brought about the collapse of the Movement, but the training provided through the patrol system proved its worth. Patrol leaders took over when adult leaders volunteered for active service. Scouts contributed to the war effort in many ways; most notable perhaps were the Sea Scouts who took the place of regular coast-guardsmen, thus freeing them for service afloat.

The first World jamboree took place in 1920 with 8,000 participants, and proved that young people of many nations could come together to share common interests and ideals. Since that first World Jamboree at Olympia in London, there have been 17 others at different locations.

During the Jamboree the first International Scout Conference was held with 33 national Scout organizations represented. The Boy Scouts International Bureau was founded in London in 1920.

In 1922 the first International Committee was elected at the 2nd International Conference (Paris), where 31 national Scout organizations were represented. World membership was just over 1 million.

 

THE EARLY SCOUT PROGRAMME

Scouting began as a programme for boys 11 to 18 years of age. Yet almost immediately there were demands by others to participate. The Girl Guides programme was started in 1910 by B-P. His wife Olave, whom he married in 1912, became Chief Guide.

A Wolf Cub section was formed for younger boys. It used Kipling's "Jungle Book", to provide an imaginative symbolic background for activities. For older boys, a Rover Scout branch was formed.

The names and characteristics of programmes vary from country to country: Cub Scouts, Beavers, Rovers, Explorers, Senior Scouts and many more. In some countries boys can start when they are six years old. Some programmes are open to girls and boys.

THE WORLD WARS

Between the two world wars Scouting continued to flourish in all parts of the world - except in totalitarian countries where it was banned. Scouting is essentially democratic and voluntary.

The war came in 1939, Scouts again carried on under their patrol leaders; they undertook many national service tasks – messengers, fire watchers, stretcher bearers, salvage collectors and so on. In occupied countries, Scouting continued in secret with Scouts playing important roles in the resistance and underground movements. After the liberation, it was found that the numbers of Scouts in some occupied countries had, in fact, increased.

 

THE '60s, '70s AND '80s

Many countries gained their independence during these years. Scouting in developing countries gradually evolved to be a youth programme which was designed by Scout leaders in each country to better meet the needs of their communities.

Scouts, particularly in developing countries, became more involved with issues such as child health, low-cost housing, literacy, food production and agriculture, job skills training, etc.

Drug abuse prevention, life skills training, integration of the handicapped, environmental conservation and education, and peace education became issues of concern to Scouts around the world.

POST COMMUNIST ERA

In the 1990s Scouting has been reborn in every country where it existed prior to World War II, and it has started throughout the newly independent countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (formerly the USSR). Since 1993, 35 countries have joined, or rejoined, the World Organization of the Scout Movement.

What started as a small camp on Brownsea Island is today a growing Movement with members in nearly every country in the world. What started as an outdoor camp to teach skills is today a programme that is used successfully in such diverse settings as developing countries and metropolitan inner-cities.
 

The History of Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting

HOW IT ALL BEGAN - A LIVING STORY

www.wagggsworld.org/about/quiz/history.html (12.12.2004)

The Founder of the Boy Scout and Girl Guide/Girl Scout Movements was Robert Baden-Powell, First Baron Baden-Powell of Gilwell, OM, known universally as B-P. The Boy Scout Movement was officially founded in 1908. In 1909, a Boy Scout rally was held at Crystal Palace in London, and Baden-Powell was taken aback when a number of girls attended, proclaiming themselves to be girl Scouts. He decided that if they wanted to join in, they should have their own name and Movement, and a programme suited to their needs. The result was ‘The Scheme for Girl Guides’ which appeared in the November 1909 issue of the Boy Scout Headquarters' Gazette. Baden-Powell chose the name Girl Guides after the famous corps of guides in India who were "distinguished for their general handiness and resourcefulness under difficulties, and their keenness and courage..."

..in 1910...the Guide Movement was formally founded, with the establishment of the Girl Guides Association (United Kingdom).

Baden-Powell felt that the Movement for girls should be run by women, so in 1910 he asked his elder sister Agnes to undertake the work of adapting his book Scouting for Boys, for use with girls. That year the Guide Movement was formally founded, with the establishment of the Girl Guides Association (United Kingdom).

In 1910, Baden-Powell, now Sir Robert Baden-Powell, retired from his army career and devoted himself to Scouting and to the beginning of Guiding. He attended camps, rallies and jamborees all over the world, and it was during a world tour in 1912 that he met Olave Soames, his future wife. After a brief courtship, the couple were engaged and married that same year. Olave accompanied her husband on visits and tours, and soon became actively involved in the Guide and Scout Movements. In 1917, she began to organize The Girl Guide Movement in Sussex, United Kingdom, having been appointed UK Chief Commissioner the previous year. In 1918, her title, UK Chief Commissioner, was changed to UK Chief Guide. Now that her dedication to Guiding at home had been officially recognized, Olave's formal commitment was about to take on an international dimension.

Across Frontiers

The Guide Movement was born in Great Britain but, even before an association had been founded there, groups of Guides existed in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, New Zealand and South Africa. By 1912, there were also groups in Ireland, Portugal, Norway and the United States of America. The Movement spread rapidly, and was even established in some countries without the Founder's knowledge.

The first Guide groups adopted a diversity of uniforms, symbolism, badges, laws and names, but each was founded and unified by the same Ideal and Spirit laid down by the Founder. In each case, the development of the Guide Movement resulted from the needs, wishes and initiatives of the girls and young women themselves.

The Movement spread rapidly, and was even established in some countries without the Founder's knowledge.

The First World War did not stop the progression of the Movement, and Girl Guides/Girl Scouts offered their services as volunteers in many countries including the United Kingdom, Austria and Poland. New groups emerged in France, Switzerland, Belgium, Czechoslovakia and Luxembourg. Peace saw more countries introduce Girl Guide/Girl Scout groups, in Brazil, China, Estonia, Hungary, Japan, Latvia, Romania and Yugoslavia. Egypt and Greece joined the Girl Guide/Girl Scout family in 1929 and 1930 respectively. International relations created by colonial units played an important role in the spread of the Movement. Soon it was known throughout the then British Empire, and French, Belgian and Dutch leaders promoted Girl Guiding/Girl Scouting in Africa, Asia and America.

This rapid growth was due to the efforts of many enthusiastic, resourceful and forward-looking women who saw the Movement as a wonderful opportunity for the education of girls. Juliette Low founded Girl Scouting in the United States of America in 1912, her vision of worldwide Girl Guiding/Girl Scouting making a powerful contribution to its development.

In the United States of America, the term ‘Guide’ was unacceptable, as it already had a widely-accepted application to Indian hunters. The first groups were therefore called Girl Scouts, and several other countries adopted the same name.

Hundreds of women like Juliette Low involved themselves in the Movement, working closely with the Founder to adapt it to local conditions and cultures. Mrs Alapeus-Lindholm in Finland, Olga Malkowska in Poland, Mme Duhamel in France, and Evelyn Boutthier in Mexico ... are just a few of the many women who created the Movement which derives strength from its diversity today.

A Worldwide Organization

Although the Ideal and Spirit of the Movement crossed all frontiers, an official communications channel was needed to help Girl Guide/Girl Scout organizations to share their experiences. In 1919 Olave Baden-Powell formed the International Council to provide this essential link. The Council was an advisory body, made up of women who acted as official correspondents with any country in which they were particularly interested.

The first International Conference was held in England in 1920. It was a historic occasion, which gave representatives of the Girl Guiding/Girl Scouting world the opportunity to meet and exchange ideas and experiences. Following the Conference, more Girl Guide/Girl Scout organizations became known to the International Council and, for the first time, Girl Guide/Girl Scout groups began to plan trips abroad.

The next three years were extremely busy ones for the Baden-Powells, as they attended rallies, camps, meetings and conferences organized by the increasing numbers of Girl Guides/Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts all over the world. In 1920, Baden-Powell was elected Chief Scout of the World; in 1929 he was created Baron Baden-Powell of Gilwell; the following year Olave Baden-Powell was appointed World Chief Guide. The world Movements were firmly established, with the Baden-Powells as their figure-heads and their inspiration.

One innovation followed another: in 1924, the first World Camp, combined with the Third International Conference, took place at Foxlease in the United Kingdom. The following year, The World Bulletin was published. Copies of the paper were sent free to every Girl Guide/Girl Scout organization, its object being to serve as a link between national branches of the Movement. The World Bulletin was later renamed The Council Fire, and was replaced in the 1980s by Our World News.

The world Movements were firmly established, with the Baden-Powells as their figure-heads and their inspiration.

After the Fourth International Conference, held in the United States of America in 1926, representatives from several countries approached Baden-Powell to ask whether an association should be formed with national Girl Guide/Girl Scout organizations as its members. They fully appreciated all that the International Council had done for Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting, and felt that it was time for something more solid and binding.

Before the Fifth International Conference in Hungary in 1928, Lord Baden-Powell sought the opinions of all known Girl Guide/Girl Scout organizations on the matter. He reminded them of the suggestion that a World Association should be formed, and asked them to consider the proposition seriously. Conference delegates from 26 countries finally decided that the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts should be established, with a World Bureau as its secretariat. The World Bureau was to be based in London, England, financed by an annual quota of £1 per thousand Girl Guides or Girl Scouts in each country. The Bureau, functioning under a Director, would take over The Council Fire and arrange the calling of future World Conferences.

It was decided that the World Association should elect a World Committee, and that Lord and Lady Baden-Powell, and the Director of the World Bureau, would be ex-officio members. The World Committee's first duty was to decide which countries and organizations should belong to the new World Association. A draft Constitution was agreed to serve as the basis on which the Bureau would work, until the next World Conference in 1930.

Further Development Through WAGGGS

In 1931, the Chiefs undertook a world tour and were delighted at the progress they saw in every country they visited. The number of Girl Guides/Girl Scouts within WAGGGS now exceeded one million - the Movement was flourishing.

In July 1932, Our Chalet, the first WAGGGS World Centre, was officially opened in Switzerland, and in 1939, the second, Our Ark, was established in London, next door to the World Bureau. In 1939 the first Girl Guide/Girl Scout World Camp, Pax-Ting, was held in Hungary, and attended by some 4,000 girls.

International activities were short-lived, however, with the outbreak of the Second World War. As a precaution, a Branch Office of the World Bureau was set up at the New York headquarters of the Girl Scouts of the USA, in case the World Bureau and its records were destroyed. World Committee meetings were suspended for the duration of the war, but in 1946 the World Conference was able to meet again in France.

The dream of a worldwide Movement had become a reality, which gained impetus in the 1950s.

Meanwhile, Baden-Powell's failing health meant that the couple undertook less strenuous activities than in previous years. They decided to move to the warmer climate of Kenya, where Baden-Powell spent the last years of his life, and died peacefully in 1941. Though devastated by her husband's death, Olave Baden-Powell returned to England in 1942 to go on with the work that he had started, and they had continued together.

The dream of a worldwide Movement had become a reality, which gained impetus in the 1950s. In 1957 Olave Baden-Powell witnessed the opening of Our Cabaœa in Mexico, WAGGGS' third World Centre. In 1959 Our Ark moved to Earls Court, London. In 1963 it was renamed Olave House in honour of the World Chief Guide. In 1958 the World Bureau moved to larger premises in Ebury Street, London. WAGGGS was rapidly gaining in strength, and 1959 saw the introduction of regional world gatherings. In 1966 WAGGGS' fourth World Centre, Sangam, was opened in Pune, India.

In the 1980s, WAGGGS undertook the Olave Centre project..aimed to locate the World Bureau and the London World Centre together again.

In June 1977, millions mourned the loss of Olave Baden-Powell, World Chief Guide, who died peacefully in her sleep. The World Chief Guide had traveled the world until 1970, covering many thousands of miles in order to encourage and inspire girls and young women. But from 1970, health reasons prevented overseas travel; however she had continued to welcome large numbers of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts from all over the world at her home in London.

In the 1980s, WAGGGS undertook the Olave Centre project in memory of the World Chief Guide. The project aimed to locate the World Bureau and the London World Centre together again. Premises were found in Hampstead, London and, thanks to the tremendous fundraising efforts of all National Organizations and friends of Girl Guiding/Girl Scouting, the World Bureau moved to its new home in 1984 and was officially opened the following year. The new World Centre, renamed Pax Lodge, opened in 1990.

It contains offices for World Bureau staff, and a collection of memorabilia from the Movement. Pax Lodge provides facilities for international trainings, seminars and conferences, and also offers residential accommodation for members of the Movement and their friends on short and long-term visits.

Today, the Movement continues to thrive and grow. Nearly ten million girls and young women are members, in 144 Member Organizations worldwide, with at least 33 more Working Towards Membership.

 
 

Bücher

Quelle: Canadian Sea Scouts and www.thedump.scoutscan.com - Keine Gewähr für freie Werknutzung!

 

  • Baden-Powell: B-P's Outlook (Some selections from his contributions to "The Scouter" from 1901-1941 - ca. 110 Seiten, 1,5 MB)
  • Baden-Powell: Aids To Scoutmastership (1920 - 75 Seiten, 0,5 MB)
  • Rudyard Kipling: The Jungle Book (The original book by Rudyard Kipling that inspired Cubbing. This book has been updated to contemporary language - ca. 80 Seiten, 0,7 MB)
  • Rudyard Kipling: The 2nd Jungle Book (The second book by Rudyard Kipling that inspired Cubbing. This book has been updated to contemporary language - ca. 95 Seiten, 0,7 MB)
  • Rudyard Kipling: The Law of the Jungle (A compendium of some of the Jungle Laws from Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Books.)
  • Gilcraft Series: Letters To A Wolf Cub (Deals with the Tenderpad, First and Second Star Tests in a manner which is understandable by the Cub himself, and points out the parallels between the Cub tests and the Jungle books - ca. 90 Seiten, 1,2 MB)
 

Der Pfadfinderpfiff

  

 

...und zum Schluß - Was aus dem UNTERWEGS ;-)